Lieutenant General Sir George Lloyd Reilly Richardson and Sir Edward Carson, Leader of the Ulster Unionist Council, at a review of the Ulster Volunteer Force, 1913

Photograph, Ireland, 1913.

Determined to resist Irish Home Rule, Ulster unionists formed the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force. In response, Irish nationalists established the Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army. These groups smuggled arms into Ireland and prepared for conflict.

From a collection associated with the Ulster Volunteer Force, Ireland, 1913-1917.